A synthetic method for forming α,β⁃unsaturated ketones through aldol condensation was studied. The formation of C-C bonds of 4⁃phehyl⁃3⁃buten⁃2⁃one was achieved under a metal⁃free condition in the presence of NaOH. The reaction conditions were mild and the selectivity was strong.The reaction mechanism was measured and the structure of the target product was analyzed by various characterization methods to confirm the structure of the target product.